Forgotten Magna Carta ‘Copy’ Turns Out to Be Priceless Original.
A centuries-old manuscript long dismissed as an unofficial copy of Magna Carta has been revealed to be an extraordinarily rare original, potentially worth tens of millions of dollars. UK academics now describe it as "one of the world's most valuable documents."
Harvard Law School acquired the document in 1946 for just $27.50—around $450 in today’s money—and stored it quietly in its library for decades, unaware of its true identity.
That changed when medieval history professors David Carpenter of King’s College London and Nicholas Vincent of the University of East Anglia began examining digitised images of the manuscript, catalogued as HLS MS 172.
"This is a fantastic discovery," said Prof Carpenter. "It is the last Magna Carta… [and it] deserves celebration, not as some mere copy, stained and faded, but as an original of one of the most significant documents in world constitutional history; a cornerstone of freedoms past, present and yet to be won."
He added, "I was absolutely astonished—not just by the authenticity of the manuscript—but that no one seemed to know what they had, and that it had been sold for peanuts."
The document had been inaccurately described in a 1946 Sotheby’s auction catalogue as a 1327 copy, "somewhat rubbed and damp-stained." It passed through several hands before being bought by Harvard for a fraction of its now-immense worth.
LATEST: Coinbase Faces Up to $400 Million Loss After Cyber Attack.
Magna Carta, first issued in 1215 by King John, laid the foundation for the rule of law and constitutional rights. This specific version dates to 1300, during the reign of King Edward I, and is believed to originate from the town of Appleby in Cumbria. The professors traced its path through the abolitionist Thomas Clarkson and eventually to Harvard via the Maynard family.
Prof Vincent said, "If you asked anybody what the most famous single document in the history of the world is, they would probably name Magna Carta."
Experts estimate there may have been around 200 original Magna Carta documents circulated between 1215 and 1300. Today, only 24 are known to survive. One 1297 version sold for $21 million in New York in 2007, meaning this newly authenticated 1300 original could be worth a comparable or even higher amount.
Despite being faded, the manuscript passed rigorous tests. Using ultraviolet and spectral imaging, the researchers verified its handwriting, dimensions, and precise text against the six other known 1300 originals. "It passed this test with flying colours," said Prof Carpenter, calling the text match "the crucial proof."
Amanda Watson, Harvard Law School’s assistant dean for library services, praised the collaboration: "Behind every scholarly revelation stands the essential work of librarians, who not only collect and preserve materials, but create pathways that otherwise would remain hidden."
The professors hope this Magna Carta will soon be displayed publicly, allowing its historic message to be more widely appreciated.
This astonishing discovery is a triumph for historical scholarship and a reminder of the hidden treasures that may lie unnoticed in library archives. Turning a $27.50 purchase into a document potentially worth tens of millions is not just a financial marvel—it’s a celebration of academic curiosity, detailed research, and the enduring power of Magna Carta.
As a symbol of liberty and legal foundations, this rediscovered manuscript reinforces the value of preserving history. Its re-emergence onto the world stage is an inspiring moment, reminding us that even faded parchments can still shape our understanding of justice and freedom.
